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Israeli Jets Arrive for 1st Joint Military Exercises on German Soil

Germany is aiming to modernize its armed forces, even as it struggles with signs of far-right extremism in its ranks. Israel will benefit from NATO techniques and new terrain.

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Israeli fighter jets landed in Germany for the first-ever joint military exercise displaying the two countries’ strong relationship.CreditCredit...Roberto Pfeil/DPA, via Associated Press

SASSNITZ, Germany — Israeli fighter jets on Monday landed in Germany for the first time, in a display of the two countries’ strong ties more than 75 years after the end of the Nazi Holocaust and as the German military is struggling with signs of rising far-right sentiment in its ranks.

Beyond the symbolism, the cooperation is a chance for Germany’s outdated armed forces, which are considered a critical component of NATO, to learn from Israel’s highly trained fighter pilots. For Israel’s military, it is an opportunity to learn about NATO techniques and train in new airspaces, expanding its ability to carry out operations on different types of terrain.

“After the crime against humanity that was the Shoah, it is a moving sign of our friendship today that we are flying side by side with the Israeli Air Force for the first time in our history,” Lt. Gen. Ingo Gerhartz, the head of Germany’s Air Force, said in a statement, using the Hebrew word that refers to the Holocaust.

German pilots have twice traveled to Israel for joint maneuvers in recent years, but this is the first time the Israelis are taking part in such exercises on German soil and over German air space. The first of six Israeli air force F-16 fighter jets touched down on Monday at the Nörvenich air base in western Germany, where they will hold joint training exercises over the next two weeks.

The historical significance was highlighted by Maj. Gen. Amikam Norkin, the Israeli Air Force’s commanding officer, who noted that for many of his fighters, past links to Germany were personal — and tragic.

“Many I.A.F. fighters are grandchildren of Holocaust survivors, and in the ’60s and ’70s of the last century, half of the I.A.F.’s pilots were Holocaust survivors themselves — and yet we believe this is the right thing to do,” he said at a ceremony last week.

Before the military maneuvers begin, a delegation will visit the memorial at the Dachau concentration camp to lay a wreath in honor of Holocaust victims and the hundreds of thousands of others who died at the hands of Nazi violence. A joint formation will also fly over the Fürstenfeldbruck air base near Munich in honor of the 11 Israeli athletes who were held hostage and killed by Palestinian terrorists at the 1972 Olympics.

“This connection with the German air force is more than just tactics that allow us to learn and fly to places that we don’t know yet,” General Norkin said at the ceremony. “In a way, this connection serves as a bridge for the State of Israel.”

General Gerhartz of the German air force thanked General Norkin “and all his pilots for their trust and emotional attachment.”

That trust is being called on at a delicate time for Germany’s military, with growing indications that far-right extremism has infested its ranks. Although all members take an oath in which they vow to support the democratic ideals enshrined in the country’s Constitution, officials last year counted 600 instances of extremism within the ranks, mostly from the far right and most of them in the army.

Last month, the German defense minister disbanded one of the companies in the most elite, highly trained unit of the country’s special forces over concerns that it had been infiltrated by far-right extremism.

The joint exercises — with an Israeli fleet including six F-16 fighter jets, two Gulfstream G-55 command planes and two Boeing 707 air-to air tankers, along with personnel and mechanics — also come as Germany works to strengthen its military.

The country is under pressure to modernize its armed forces as Europe contemplates stronger cooperation among its partners. The United States under President Trump has repeatedly battered Berlin for not meeting its NATO commitments to spend 2 percent of gross domestic product on the military.

Nearly a decade after the German military scrapped the draft in favor of a more professional force, its air force has struggled to maintain its flight readiness as it replaces Cold War-era Tornado fighter jets with newer planes — including the European-made Eurofighter plane, which the German pilots will use for the joint training.

Facing both equipment and personnel issues, the country’s military has in recent years even reportedly considered recruiting citizens of other European Union countries to make up for a shortage of skilled labor.

The latest joint exercises with the Israelis will involve various flying maneuvers near Germany’s border with Denmark, including midair refueling and mock air battles. Next week, they will be expanded to include Hungarian planes as part of regular NATO training exercises, the German air force said.

Melissa Eddy reported from Sassnitz, Germany, and Christopher F. Schuetze from Berlin. Isabel Kershner contributed reporting from Jerusalem.

Melissa Eddy is a correspondent based in Berlin who covers German politics, social issues and culture. She came to Germany as a Fulbright scholar in 1996, and previously worked for The Associated Press in Frankfurt, Vienna and the Balkans. More about Melissa Eddy

Christopher F. Schuetze covers German news, society and occasionally arts from The Times’s Berlin bureau. Before moving to Germany, he lived in the Netherlands, where he covered everything from tulips to sea-level rise. More about Christopher F. Schuetze

A version of this article appears in print on  , Section A, Page 12 of the New York edition with the headline: Israeli Planes Arrive for First Joint Military Exercises on German Soil. Order Reprints | Today’s Paper | Subscribe

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